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MiniMax-01 Guide: Inside China's 4M Token Answer to GPT-4 & Claude 
Technology News, General

MiniMax-01 Guide: Inside China's 4M Token Answer to GPT-4 & Claude 


Jan 15, 2025    |    0

Chinese artificial intelligence company MiniMax has made a groundbreaking announcement with the release of their MiniMax-01 series, showcasing unprecedented capabilities in context processing and architectural innovation.

MiniMax-01 Model Card

MiniMax-01 Model Card
 

MiniMax-01 Model Card

A Next-Generation Language Model with Extended Context Window

Model Size

456B
Total Parameters
45.9B Active Parameters

Context Length

4M
Maximum Tokens
Extended Context Window

Architecture

Hybrid
Lightning + Softmax
Attention Mechanism

Key Features

Lightning Attention

Efficient linear attention mechanism enables processing of extremely long sequences with reduced computational complexity.

Mixture of Experts

32 experts with top-2 routing strategy for enhanced model capacity and efficient parameter usage.

Vision Capabilities

Extended vision-language understanding with MiniMax-VL-01 for multimodal tasks.

Core Benchmarks

MMLU 88.5%
 
MATH 77.4%
 
HumanEval 86.9%
 

Vision-Language Tasks

DocVQA 96.4%
 
AI2D 83.3%
 
ChartQA 91.7%
 

Model Comparison

Context Window Size
MiniMax-01 4M tokens
 
GPT-4o 128K tokens
 
Claude-3.5 200K tokens
 
Gemini-2.0 1M tokens
 
Performance Comparison
MMLU
MiniMax-01
88.5%
GPT-4o
85.7%
Claude-3.5
88.3%
MATH
MiniMax-01
77.4%
GPT-4o
76.6%
Claude-3.5
74.1%

Detailed Architecture

Model Structure

  • 80 total layers
  • 7:1 ratio of lightning to softmax attention
  • Hidden size: 6144
  • 32 experts with top-2 routing

Optimization

  • 75% Model Flops Utilization on H20
  • Efficient compute-communication overlap
  • Optimized for both training and inference

Training Process

  • 4-stage training methodology
  • Comprehensive post-training alignment
  • Efficient long-context training

Vision Capabilities (MiniMax-VL-01)

Vision Benchmark Performance

DocVQA
 
96.4%
ChartQA
 
91.7%
AI2D
 
83.3%
MMMU
 
68.5%

Key Features

  • Multimodal understanding
  • Document analysis
  • Visual reasoning
  • Chart interpretation

Key Innovations

  • Record-Breaking Context Window: The MiniMax-01 series supports a massive 4-million token context length, surpassing current industry leaders by 20-32 times. This breakthrough positions the model at the forefront of long-form content processing capabilities.
  • Revolutionary Architecture: The model introduces the novel Lightning Attention mechanism, departing from traditional Transformer architecture. Its hybrid design implements Lightning Attention in seven out of every eight layers, with one layer retaining traditional SoftMax attention.
  • Impressive Scale: Boasting 456 billion total parameters with 45.9 billion parameters activated during inference, the model achieves top-tier performance while maintaining exceptional efficiency in processing extended inputs.

How Big Is 4 Million Tokens?

 

4M Token Context Window Analysis

Massive Context Processing Capabilities

4,000,000 Tokens
Maximum Context Window Size
Text Processing
~3M
Words processable simultaneously
Equivalent to:
• 30 average books (100K words each)
• 6,000 standard pages
• 12,000,000 characters in English
Code Analysis
60,000+
Lines of code processable
Can process:
• Multiple large codebases
• Entire project documentation
• Complete test suites
Processing Power
1:4
Token to character ratio
Processing efficiency:
• ~4 characters per token (English)
• ~16M characters total capacity
• Varies by language and content type
30+ Books
Complete novels simultaneously
60K+ Lines
Source code analysis
12+ Papers
Research papers at once
Content Type Capacity Real-world Equivalent
Technical Documentation 6,000 pages Entire software documentation
Source Code 60,000+ lines Large application codebase
Research Papers 12+ papers Complete research project
Books 30+ books Small library section
Technical Capabilities:
• Simultaneous processing of multiple large codebases
• Complete documentation analysis across projects
• Extended multi-document analysis
• Large-scale data processing and comparisons
• Comprehensive technical discussion history
• Multiple language processing with context awareness

Model Lineup

  • MiniMax-Text-01: A foundational language model designed for sophisticated text understanding and generation, demonstrating minimal performance degradation even with extremely long inputs.
  • MiniMax-VL-01: A visual multi-modal model expanding the capabilities to include image understanding and processing, positioning MiniMax at the forefront of multi-modal AI development.

Context Window Comparison

MiniMax-01's revolutionary 4M token context window stands head and shoulders above competitors:

AI Model Context Window Comparison
 

AI Model Context Window Comparison

MiniMax-01
4,000,000 tokens
Text Processing
~3M words
• 6,000 pages
• 30 books
• 12M characters
 
Code Processing
60,000+ lines
• Multiple large codebases
• Complete documentation
• Entire test suites
 
Gemini 1.5 Pro
2,000,000 tokens
Text Processing
~1.5M words
• 3,000 pages
• 15 books
• 6M characters
 
Code Processing
30,000+ lines
• Large codebases
• Project documentation
• Test suites
 
Claude 3.5 Sonnet
200,000 tokens
Text Processing
~150K words
• 300 pages
• 1.5 books
• 600K characters
 
Code Processing
3,000+ lines
• Medium codebases
• Partial documentation
• Limited test suites
 
GPT-4
128,000 tokens
Text Processing
~96K words
• 192 pages
• ~1 book
• 384K characters
 
Code Processing
1,920+ lines
• Small codebases
• Basic documentation
• Individual modules
 
Capability MiniMax-01 Gemini 1.5 Pro Claude 3.5 Sonnet GPT-4
Context Window 4,000,000 tokens 2,000,000 tokens 200,000 tokens 128,000 tokens
Words (approx.) 3,000,000 1,500,000 150,000 96,000
Pages 6,000 3,000 300 192
Code (lines) 60,000+ 30,000+ 3,000+ 1,920+
Books 30 15 1.5 1
Characters 12M 6M 600K 384K

Technical Achievements

  • Perfect Retrieval Performance: Achieved 100% accuracy in 4-million-token vanilla Needle-In-A-Haystack retrieval tasks
  • Linear Complexity: First successful commercial implementation of linear attention at scale
  • Optimized Architecture: Comprehensive integration with Mixture of Experts (MoE) and specialized training optimization
  • Enhanced Communication: Improved MoE All-to-all communication optimization for superior performance

Accessibility & Pricing

  • Open Source Commitment: Complete model weights available on GitHub (https://github.com/MiniMax-AI)
  • Competitive Pricing:
    • Input tokens: $0.2 per million
    • Output tokens: $1.1 per million
  • Multiple Access Points: Available through MiniMax Open Platform and Hailuo AI

Future Impact & Vision

  • AI Agent Evolution: Positioned to drive the development of AI Agents in 2025, enabling advanced capabilities in:
    • Single-Agent sustained memory systems
    • Multi-Agent communication networks
    • Complex AI Agent architectures
  • Ongoing Development: MiniMax commits to regular updates, including:
    • Enhanced code capabilities
    • Improved multi-modal features
    • Continuous performance optimization

Industry Implications

This release marks a significant milestone in AI development, particularly from China's burgeoning AI sector. The unprecedented context length and innovative architecture position MiniMax-01 as a potential game-changer for:

  • Research Communities: Open-source access enables broader research into long-context understanding
  • Commercial Applications: Competitive pricing makes advanced AI capabilities more accessible
  • AI Agent Development: Extended context window supports more sophisticated AI agent systems
  • Global AI Competition: Demonstrates China's growing influence in cutting-edge AI technology